**Background**
Oxidative stress, characterized by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases and organ injuries. Among these, non-radical ROS such as hydrogen peroxide ($\text{H}_2\text{O}_2$) and hypochlorous acid ($\text{HOCl}$) are potent oxidants that can induce DNA strand breakage, protein degradation, and cell death. In the liver, excessive ROS production often leads to severe inflammation and apoptosis, manifesting as elevated markers of liver damage. Consequently, identifying potent scavengers of these species is essential for developing therapeutic strategies to mitigate oxidative damage. In this context, we will introduce a synthetic glycoside chalcone – Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone.
**Definition**
Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone is a synthetic glycoside chalcone used as a low-caloric artificial sweetener that exhibits significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
**In Vitro and In Vivo Studies**
According to the Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone technical information, this compound demonstrates remarkable radical scavenging activity against stable radicals and ROS in a concentration-dependent manner. Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone in vitro studies highlight its potency as an inhibitor of $\text{H}_2\text{O}_2$ and $\text{HOCl}$, with scavenging activities of 73.5% and 93.5%, respectively. Specifically, it exhibits extensive inhibitory effects on these non-radical ROS with $\text{IC}_{50}$ values of $205.1\ \mu\text{M}$ for $\text{H}_2\text{O}_2$ and $25.5\ \mu\text{M}$ for $\text{HOCl}$. Furthermore, it has been identified as an allosteric activator of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase (PPA) with an $\text{IC}_{50}$ of $389\ \mu\text{M}$.
Regarding Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone in vivo activity, administration of the compound results in a significant reduction of liver damage markers, including AST and ALT. In mice treated with paraquat (PQ), Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone effectively inhibits the protein levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as $\text{NF-}\kappa\text{B}$, $\text{IL-6}$, $\text{IL-1}\beta$, and $\text{TNF-}\alpha$ in the liver. Additionally, safety evaluations in Wistar Crl:(WI)WU BR rats showed no adverse embryotoxic or teratogenic effects at dietary levels up to 5% (approximately $3.3\text{ g/kg}$ body weight/day). In conclusion, Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent with potential applications in protecting against oxidative organ injury.
Keywords
Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, 20702-77-6, Neohesperidin DC, NHDC, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Inhibitor, inhibitor, inhibit
References
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[3] Shi Q, et al. Artificial sweetener neohesperidin dihydrochalcone showed antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effects against paraquat-induced liver injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015 Dec;29(2):722-9.
[4] Waalkens-Berendsen DH, et al. Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity study with neohesperidin dihydrochalcone in rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2004 Aug;40(1):74-9.